Development of natural disaster risk map in Thailand

Abstract

Natural disasters in Thailand affect and cause losses in each area. Therefore, there is a need for different forms of disaster management. This research focuses on preparedness using knowledge and data in geographic information engineering, including applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to create a natural disaster risk map. The main objective of this research is to develop a risk map for natural disasters in Thailand, namely floods, landslides, wildfires, and windstorms, as a model for building a simple warning system through a risk map at a regional scale. By analyzing and creating a disaster risk map, we study the different elements of the disaster. Then, we selected various disaster-causing factors and weighted the data according to the principles of disaster risk analysis for each type. In data preparation, reclassification is used to convert continuous data into discrete data to bring various types of data for analysis together. Then, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to analyze the risks of multiple disasters. The results were then validated by overlaying the data on the disaster history data in 2020, and we performed the inspection in an area showing a hazard level or higher. After verification, the accuracy of flood disasters was approximately 44.31%, 68.00% for landslides, 54.73% for wildfires, and 75.60% for windstorms.