Study of Cementitious Materials used in Residential Building Construction by 3D Printing Technology

Abstract

This article investigates suitable mixtures for use in 3D printing technology, with the goal of reducing the usage of cement, which is a major contributor to carbon dioxide emissions, and promoting environmentally responsible construction. The mixtures are primarily composed of soil combined with cement. Four types of soil were examined: clay, sandy clay, sand, and silt. Each soil type was used to create combinations with soil proportions of 60%, 70%, and 80%, respectively. The mechanical properties of the materials were tested in fresh and hardened states using cube specimens with dimensions of 50×50×50 mm. The compressive strength at 28 days was evaluated, with the target strength being greater than 80 ksc. Additionally, the mixtures had to be appropriate for extrusion through the nozzle of a 3D printer. The study also investigated internal reinforcement structures within beams to determine their impact on load-bearing capacity. The results indicate that mixtures containing 60% sandy clay or silt met the required compressive strength criteria and had mechanical qualities suitable for use as a 3D printer mixture.