ผลกระทบของการแพร่ระบาดของโรค COVID-19 ต่อพฤติกรรมการเดินทางของผู้โดยสารรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนในกรุงเทพมหานครและปริมณฑล

Abstract

The world is facing the challenges of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak classified as a global pandemic.  Thus far, a numerous number of patients and deaths related to COVID-19 have been reported. In response to the pandemic, the Government of Thailand has regulated the preventive measures in order to prevent the spread of the disease. Those measures are leading to the reduction of the social and public activities. In addition, the personal concern of the risk of being infected has altered the people’s behaviors including the travel behavior, for example, driving private cars rather than taking public transport. This behavior change has effects on traffic volume, public transport system efficiency, and environment. Nonetheless, there are effective measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 which are able to strengthen the reliability of people and lessen the behavior change. This study aims to examine the effects of the COVID-19 preventive measures on people’s choice of transport, in hypothetical scenario under the different conditions of the number of local transmitted cases and percentage of distributed vaccines. The COVID-19 preventive measures are as follow: quarantine, face mask wearing, economic and social factors, and attitude towards COVID-19 outbreak. The stated preference surveys were used for studying the sample group who used rail transit while having private cars as choices of transport. The effects of the preventive measures and other factors were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Multinomial Logit model was used for analyzing the factors affecting the choices of transport in each situation. The results can be utilized in the establishment of the effective and suitable COVID-19 preventive measures.