Vertical Survey and 3D Modeling with Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

Abstract

The survey of the exterior of the building to create a 3D model using computer programs usually uses surveying with distance measurement and total station, which are methods that take a lot of time and resources to survey. Currently, there is the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to help in such surveys, which is a method that saves both time and resources. However, in Thailand, there are still few studies of exterior surveying with UAVs. This research studies the exterior survey of the building with DJI Phantom 4 Professional UAV with 4 propellers to compare the accuracy of the model. 3D exterior building model using Agisoft PhotoScan with Total Station survey along with a study of factors affecting the accuracy of the 3D model obtained from UAV by studying the change in the distance between the center of the image point on the ground (Ground Sample Distance, GSD) at 0.400, 0.600 and 0.800 cm/pix and the ground control points (GCP) at 4, 8 and 12 points. The study found that the error value of the 3D exterior building model from the UAV survey when compared to the total station survey at X, Y, Z coordinates has the least root mean square error (RMSE) when the GSD value is equal to 0.400 cm/pix and the GCP value is equal to 12 points, with RMSE values of 0.866, 1.064 and 1.395 centimeters, respectively.